What is overtaking?

Overtaking is when you move past another vehicle travelling in the same direction. On UK roads, overtaking should be done on the right unless road signs or markings indicate otherwise. This manoeuvre is common on dual carriageways, motorways, and rural roads where slower-moving traffic can create hold-ups.

When is overtaking allowed?

According to the Highway Code, you can overtake when:

• The road is clear ahead, and you have a good view of oncoming traffic
• You won’t exceed the speed limit while overtaking
• There are no road signs or markings prohibiting overtaking
• The vehicle you’re overtaking is not already signalling to turn right
• It’s safe to return to your lane without forcing another driver to slow down

When is overtaking illegal?

Overtaking is illegal and dangerous when:

• You approach a bend, hill, or area with limited visibility
• You are at a pedestrian crossing, junction, or level crossing
• Traffic lights are red or about to change
• The vehicle in front is already overtaking another car

What is undertaking?

Undertaking is when you pass another vehicle on the left (curb side). In the UK, undertaking is generally discouraged and, in some cases, illegal. 

When is undertaking allowed?

The Highway Code states that you can only undertake when:

• Traffic is moving in slow lanes on a motorway or dual carriageway, and your lane is moving faster than the right-hand lane
• A vehicle is waiting to turn right, and you can safely pass on the left
• You are on a one-way street where lanes allow overtaking on either side

When is undertaking illegal?

Undertaking is not allowed in the circumstances below:

• You deliberately swerve between lanes to overtake multiple vehicles
• You are in a normal traffic flow where vehicles should overtake on the right 
• You force another driver to slow down or change lanes unexpectedly

How to safely overtake cyclists and large vehicles

Cyclists and large vehicles require extra care when overtaking:

When overtaking cyclists, the Highway Code advises that you leave at least 1.5 metres between your vehicle and the bike. Avoid overtaking if you can’t leave enough space.

When overtaking large vehicles, such as lorries or buses, these vehicles have bigger blind spots. Make sure the driver can see you before overtaking and allow extra time to pass.

Overtaking and undertaking on motorways

On motorways, overtaking should always be done on the right. However, due to lane congestion, it’s common for the left lane to move faster than the right. In this case, the Highway Code allows vehicles to continue at the speed without needing to change lanes unnecessarily – this is not considered a dangerous undertaking.

Understanding overtaking and undertaking rules is vital for your safety and smoother journeys. Always follow the Highway Code, be patient, and only overtake when it’s legal and safe.

Get learner driver insurance to practise manoeuvres

There’s no better way to gain confidence on the road with plenty of hands-on practise. At Adrian Flux, we offer flexible learner driver insurance from just [[ FLUX_PRODUCT_INSURANCE_LEARNER_AMT_DAY ]] a day.

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In this guide we break down the national speed limits, when different rules apply, and how to adjust your driving depending on road conditions. 

What are the UK speed limits?

Speed limits in the UK are set based on the type of road and vehicle you are driving. The most common speed limits are: 

• 30mph in built-up areas with street lighting  (unless stated otherwise)
• 60mph on single carriageway roads
• 70mph on dual carriageways and motorways

It’s good to remember that these limits apply unless signs indicate otherwise. Some roads have lower limits due to safety concerns, such as areas near schools or sharp bends. Always pay attention to road signs to avoid speeding above the limit.

Other things to consider when it comes to your speed on UK roads

Being a good driver is not just about following the rules; knowing how to adapt your speed to road and weather conditions is just as crucial. You’ll need to adjust your speed in the following scenarios:

• Wet or icy roads
• Foggy conditions
• Heavy traffic

Why are speed limits important?

Speed limits aren’t just arbitrary numbers – they are set based on road safety data. Driving too fast increases stopping distances and the severity as well as the likelihood of accidents. On the other hand, driving too slow can also be dangerous as it can cause congestion and risky overtaking manoeuvres. 

Are there minimum speed limits in the UK?

There aren’t many minimum speed limits in the UK but they do exist in certain areas, such as tunnels or high-speed roads where slow-moving traffic could cause danger. These are marked by blue circular signs with a number indicating the minimum speed required. 

Driving too slowly – especially on fast-moving roads such as motorways – can be considered careless driving and may attract attention from the police.

What happens if you exceed the speed limit?

Speeding comes with penalties that can affect both your licence and finances. The consequences include:

• Minimum fine of £100 and three penalty points on your licence
• Court prosecution for excessive speeding, leading to higher fines and potential bans

If you accumulate 12 points or more on your licence within three years, this could also result in a driving disqualification.

Speed cameras, mobile police units, and speed zones all enforce speed limits. If you are caught speeding, you may be offered a speed awareness course instead of points, depending on the circumstances.

Tips for staying within the speed limit

Here are a few tips to help ensure you remain safe and legal on the roads:

1. Use cruise control: many modern cars have a cruise control to help maintain your speed
2. Pay attention to road signs: speed limits can change suddenly, especially when entering towns or built-up areas
3. Check your speedometer regularly: it’s easier to go above the limit than you might realise

Speed limits myths

Like anything, there are some misconceptions around speed limits in the UK. Understanding what they are and why they’re false can help ensure you aren’t accidentally breaking the law.

• “You can go 10% over the speed limit without getting fined.” – The truth is that you can still be fined for exceeding the limit by just 1mph. It’s not a legal right that you’re able to drive 10% above the speed limit
• “Speed limits don’t apply at night when roads are empty.” – Speed limits apply 24/7, regardless of how busy or how late it is

Understanding UK speed limits isn’t just about avoiding fines – it’s about road safety and responsible driving. Always adjust your speed to the conditions and be aware of changing limits to keep yourself and others safe.

Looking for learner driver insurance that matches your driving needs?

We offer tailored car insurance policies to suit every learner driver. At Adrian Flux,we offer flexible learner driver insurance from just [[ FLUX_PRODUCT_INSURANCE_LEARNER_AMT_DAY ]] a day.

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Roundabouts were designed to keep traffic moving and reduce accidents. Read this blog and follow our tips, and you will navigate them with ease and hopefully pass your driving test!

Why do we use roundabouts?

Roundabouts are safer and more efficient than traditional intersections. Instead of relying on traffic lights, they allow vehicles to flow continuously, reducing congestion and the likelihood of collisions. Plus, they make right turns safer and easier by directing traffic in the same direction.

How do roundabouts work?

At their core, roundabouts are quite simple:

1. Give way to traffic on your right unless road signs or markings indicate otherwise

2. Enter the roundabout when there is a safe gap

3. Choose your lane based on your exit – we will discuss this further below

4. Signal left when passing the exit before yours to indicate you are leaving

You can also find roundabouts in U-turns, which usually will make it easier to navigate tricky routes.

How to approach a roundabout

Spotting a roundabout is easy.  Usually, it can be found by a red triangle sign with three circular arrows inside. Mini roundabouts, often found in residential areas, are marked with a blue circular sign with three white arrows inside. Once you know one’s ahead:

1. Slow down and prepare to give way to traffic coming from the right

2. Check road signs and lane markings to select the correct lane for your exit

3. Use the mirror-signal-manouvre routine to ready

How to navigate a roundabout

• If you turn left (usually first exit): stay in the left lane and signal left as you approach. Keep your indicator on and exit smoothly
• Going straight (usually second exit): use the left lane unless signs indicate otherwise. Signal left after passing the first exit
• If you turn right (usually third exit or beyond): approach on the right lane and signal right. Switch to the left lane when it’s time to exit, checking your mirrors and your blind spot as you go

Roundabouts and driving tests

Here are a few practical tips to help you use roundabouts confidently during your driving test:

1. Stay calm and plan ahead – know your exit once you know a roundabout is ahead

2. Use mirrors and indicators to communicate with other drivers

3. Practice different roundabouts during lessons to build your confidence

Common roundabout mistakes that could cost your test

Here’s how to navigate roundabout challenges without letting them fail your test:

• Don’t hesitate too much: It’s natural to want to play it safe, but holding up traffic unnecessarily because you hesitate too long at a clear gap can put you at a disadvantage. The examiner wants to see confidence and good judgment – they are not usually looking for perfection. If you repeatedly miss opportunities to join the roundabout, it could result in a serious fault.
• Recovering from a lane mistake: Accidentally picking the wrong lane doesn’t have to mean a failure. If you react safely, using your mirrors, signalling correctly, and adjusting your position without disrupting other drivers, you can show the examiner that you can handle challenging situations calmly. Your response is more important than the mistake.
• Signal correctly: Failing to signal or cancel your indicators properly can confuse other drivers and create dangerous situations. Whether signaling late or leaving your indicator on after exiting, these errors can go from minor to serious faults depending on how they affect others. Always double-check your signals to stay in the clear.

A well-prepared learner driver knows it’s not about avoiding all mistakes but handling them with confidence and control that can ensure passing your test still happens.

Can I get learner driver insurance with Adrian Flux?

There’s no better way to gain confidence with plenty of hands-on practice, especially when it comes to roundabouts. At Adrian Flux,we offer flexible learner driver insurance from just [[ FLUX_PRODUCT_INSURANCE_LEARNER_AMT_DAY ]] a day. Cut costs by calling 0800 369 8590 or request a callback at a time to better suit you.

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Once you’ve passed your test, you will inevitably have to drive at night and putting in the hours of practice during this part of the day will stand you in good stead. 

Here we run through everything you need to know about whether you can drive at night as a learner driver.

Does a provisional licence allow you to drive at night?

As long as you have the right learner driver insurance, you are permitted to have driving lessons at night. If you are learning in a parent/guardian’s car then you will need to display L plates in England, Scotland and Northern Ireland, however, if you live in Wales you will need D plates.

It’s also worth noting that you are not allowed to drive whilst wearing tinted glasses at night time. 

Why is driving at night more difficult?

Driving at night can be trickier because your spatial awareness and hazard perception abilities are reduced due to the dark. You are also relying on roads being lit by lamposts, your headlights and other vehicles’ lights. 

In these conditions, it’s easy to become disoriented, especially when you’re driving along roads that you’re not completely familiar with. 

Living in the UK you can’t avoid driving in the dark at some stage, especially when the winter sun sets at 4pm. Practising whilst you are learning will stand you in good stead for when you get your full driving licence. The more you practise the easier and more natural it will become. 

Why should you drive at night as a learner driver? 

Being able to adapt to different situations is the mark of a good driver, but you will not be able to do so unless you put yourself into those situations such as driving at night where you need your wits about you. 

Your driving lessons will provide you an ideal opportunity to work on your driving skills without natural light. Practicing in the dark isalso a good chance to familiarise yourself with the controls you will need, such as headlights and fog lights. 

Of course, if you’re doing an intensive or semi-intensive driving course over the summer months, it might not be practical to get night time drives in.

Learner driver tips for driving at night

Here are five tips for having driving lessons during the night and darker evenings:

Clean your headlights

Making sure your headlights are clean will make it easier for you to see in the dark, unobstructed by any dirt that may have been lingering on the surface. 

Don’t wear tinted glasses

Wearing tinted glasses can obstruct your vision, even more than the darkness you’re driving in. Make sure your environment is as light as you can make it.

Allow more time for your journey

Driving in the dark may mean you will need to drive slower than you would on the same route during the day, meaning you should allow for more time.

Judging the speed of other cars can also be tougher in the dark, so it’s better to allow for extra time and space with traffic. 

Know your car’s controls 

It’s important to know which headlights to use in which circumstances. This will make you more comfortable in your car and on the road.

Anticipating hazards

This is the time for your hazard perception to come into play. Noticing hazards while you still have time to react to them will be even more important in the dark.

Learner driver insurance

We offer learner driver insurance policies tailored to suit your needs. Call 0800 369 8590 for a swift no-hassle quote. Alternatively, book a callback at a time that suits you.

The post Can a learner driver drive at night? appeared first on Learner Driver Hub.

In this blog, we’ll take a look at how you go about getting your own provisional driving licence, what it allows you to do, and why it’s important to have one. 

What is a provisional licence?

A provisional licence is a temporary licence that you need in order to learn how to drive and take your driving test. Like a regular driving licence, you can use it as a form of identification, but, it isn’t a full licence. You will need one to start your driving journey and to get insurance. 

A provisional licence means you can learn how to drive in a car with ‘L’ plates as long as you’re accompanied by a licenced driver (be that a driving instructor or parent) who can supervise you. This licenced driver will have to be over 21 years old and have had a UK driving licence for more than three years.  

It also means you can learn how to ride a moped or light quad bike at 16 years old.

When can I get a provisional license?

The legal driving age (for a car) in the UK is 17 years old but you can actually apply for your provisional licence when you are 15 years and nine months old through the DVLA. It then becomes valid when you are 16 years old. 

In order to apply for a provisional driving licence in the UK, you’ll need to be able to read a number plate from 20 metres away and have legally lived in the UK for at least 185 days.

What do I need to get a provisional licence?

When you apply for your provisional licence, you will be asked for proof of identification (like a passport) so, make sure you have that to hand. You will also need every address you’ve had in the last three years. 

If you apply online, it will cost you £34 so you will need a valid credit or debit card to pay that during the application process.

If you want to apply by post, you will need to grab a D1 application form from a Post Office. Getting your licence this way will cost £43, which you can pay for by sending a cheque or postal order with your application. 

How long does your provisional licence take to come?

This will depend on how you apply for your provisional driving licence. If you applied online, it should only take a week for it to arrive in the post. If you send your application by post, it may take up to three weeks. 

If, after three weeks, you haven’t received your provisional licence yet, contact the DVLA to check on its delivery status. 

What happens if I lose or damage my provisional licence?

Accidents happen but luckily, driving licences are replaceable, even provisional ones. You can apply for a replacement online, using basically the same process for getting a new one. Note that this will cost you £20.  

How long is a provisional licence valid for? 

Your provisional driving licence will last for 10 years before needing to be renewed. When you pass your written theory and practical driving test, you will replace it with a full UK driving licence. 

Getting the right insurance as a learner driver 

Once you have your provisional license, you’ll be ready to start lessons and get on the road. You will also be ready for insurance. Adrian Flux can help you find the right learner driver insurance for you and your needs.

The post How to get a provisional driving licence appeared first on Learner Driver Hub.

Whether you’re prone to catastrophizing or your fear comes from just the thought of being
behind the wheel, the feelings associated with driving are real and can significantly impact
the daily lives of people suffering from driving anxiety.

If you find yourself anxious at the thought of driving, you are not alone. Driving anxiety
affects nearly half of British drivers, from new drivers to experienced drivers who have lost
confidence due to past experiences. In this blog, we will explore common causes of driving
anxiety and share tips to help you manage and eventually overcome these fears.

What is driving anxiety?

Driving anxiety is a form of phobia – an intense, often irrational fear of certain situations.
Despite it being described as ‘irrational’, this doesn’t stop it from being any less valid for
those who suffer from it.

Although not classified as an official disorder, people experiencing it may feel significant
stress or fear of driving, sometimes to the point of avoidance. Terms often used to describe
these conditions include amaxophobia (fear of being in a vehicle) and vehophobia (fear of
driving).

Fear of driving can manifest in specific ways such as:

• Driving at high speeds
• Losing control of your vehicle
• Learning to drive
• Driving alone, especially at night
• Being in traffic jams or in adverse weather conditions

Causes of driving anxiety

Driving anxiety can arise from various triggers, including previous negative experiences,
travel fears, or a general anxiety disorder. Here are some of the most common factors:

1. Past traumatic experiences: Being involved in or witnessing accidents can create a
   lasting fear of driving. Even minor incidents, like navigating through a bad storm, can
   still cause trauma
2. Fear of authority or breaking the rules: Some individuals are extremely afraid of
   authority figures, like police officers, fearing they will make mistakes on the road
3. Claustrophobia: A fear of confined spaces can be transferred to driving, particularly
   when stuck in traffic
4. Fear of losing control: Physical symptoms such as a racing heartbeat or sweaty
   palms and mental symptoms like self-doubt can create the impression that a driver
   will lose control, resulting in heightened stress levels behind the wheel
5. Pre-existing anxiety disorders: General anxiety disorder can also play a significant
   role in driving anxiety. People suffering from anxiety will often experience worry and
   fear that can translate to driving situations.

What are the symptoms of driving phobia?

The symptoms of driving anxiety may vary and can often resemble those of panic attacks,
including:

• Confusion and dizziness
• Racing heart and sweaty palms
• Shortness of breath
• Disorientation
• Avoidance of driving situations altogether

How to manage driving anxiety

While not every case of driving anxiety can be cured, certain strategies can help ease
anxiety and make driving a more manageable, perhaps enjoyable activity.

1. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT): CBT has proven effective in identifying
   negative thought patterns and restructuring them. Working with a therapist,
   individuals can gradually shift their responses to driving-related triggers
2. Stress management and self-care: Reducing caffeine, eating balanced meals, and
   engaging in mindfulness practices like meditation can help with anxiety
3. Incorporate physical exercise into your routine: Exercising regularly is a powerful
   stress reliever. Exercise can increase levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and
   norepinephrine, which are associated with mood regulation. Basically, incorporating
   exercise into your daily routine can gradually make you feel more balanced, both
   inside and outside the car
4. Practise in-car focus techniques: Minimise distractions by silencing phones and
   adjusting driving speeds to a comfortable level. Staying fully present can help prevent
   anxiety from spiralling.
5. Consider driving with a companion: If driving alone triggers anxiety, travel with
   someone you trust. Or try joining lift schemes, which allows you to gain confidence in
   a low-pressure environment
6. Seek for a specialised driving instructor: Finding an instructor who specialises in
   driving anxiety can make a huge difference. There are instructors trained to
   understand the challenges of anxious drivers and tailor their lessons to address
   specific fears and build confidence. They may also introduce techniques to help you
   stay calm, and exposure exercises to stressful driving scenarios

You may want to try one of these or a combination of a couple, the choice will be personal.
Everyone is different and finding what works for you is all that matters.

Extra tips for motorway anxiety

For new drivers or those intimidated by fast-paced roads, driving with a certified instructor
can help. UK drivers, for example, can take motorway lessons as learners to gain
experience before their test.

Refresher courses are also a valuable option for people returning to driving after a break.
These sessions boost confidence and familiarise drivers with any road rule changes.

Anxiety and driving: What you need to know

If you are dealing with anxiety that impacts your driving, it’s important to know the guidelines
around informing the DVLA. Driving anxiety can affect both your safety and the safety of
others, and legally, you are required to report certain conditions that may impair your ability
to drive safely.

Failing to inform the DVLA about a medical condition that impacts your driving could lead to
a fine up to £1,000, but luckily, it’s fairly easy to do.

If you are uncertain whether your anxiety qualifies, your best move is to consult a doctor.
They can help you understand if your symptoms are likely to affect your driving skills and
whether you need to report them. It is completely normal to feel a bit nervous when you are
new to driving, but if your anxiety feels overwhelming, consider spending extra time
practising with a qualified and trusted instructor.

If you choose to practise with a qualified instructor, make sure you are covered with learner driver insurance. At Adrian Flux, we offer flexible learner driver insurance from just [[ FLUX_PRODUCT_INSURANCE_LEARNER_AMT_DAY ]] a day. Cut costs by calling 0800 369 8590.

The post Overcoming driving anxiety appeared first on Learner Driver Hub.

This is where our summer driving guide comes in handy – with a mix of practical and advanced insights so you can stay cool and stress-free on the roads.

Driving during a heatwave: what to watch out for

A heatwave can quickly put extra strain on even the most well-maintained vehicles. Not only are the risks of dehydration and heat stroke higher, but the heat also affects roads and tyres, with the potential for the tarmac to soften and tyre pressure to increase. Here we cover the most common questions and issues related to driving in the summer. 

Keep your vehicle from overheating

One of the biggest issues you will face driving in extreme heat is the risk of your car overheating. If the temperature warning light comes on, or if you notice steam coming out of the bonnet, pull over safely and turn off the engine. Allow your car to cool down before checking under the hood, and top up your coolant if necessary. 

Ensure your coolant levels are topped up before you start any long journeys, and always carry extra in the car. Sometimes your car might need more than a quick fix. If you purchased Flux Rescue breakdown, you can call our breakdown line. 

In hot temperatures, some vehicles may deliberately shut off the display, including the sat-nav, to protect the electrical components. This means you may lose access to navigation and other functions until your vehicle cools down. 

What is engine coolant?

Coolant is a mixture of water and antifreeze liquid that helps your engine cool down and not overheat. It flows through the engine absorbing excess heat and releasing it through the radiator. Over time, coolant levels will drop due to evaporation, and since it plays a vital role in preventing your engine from overheating, it’s good to check it monthly. 

A monthly check ensures your engine stays cool and runs efficiently, especially under the stress of long drives or hot weather. To find the right coolant for your car, consult the owner’s manual or the manufacturer’s website. 

Knowing how to check your coolant levels is a skill that could come in handy during your practical test, as examiners will often include coolant level checks in their ‘show me, tell me’ questions.

Can tyres melt in hot weather?

Tyres are vulcanised, a process in which raw rubber is transformed by treating it with sulphur and other chemicals. This chemical bonding enhances the rubber’s durability and strength. This process makes tyres resistant to heat and strong enough to withstand constant pressure.

The heat won’t melt your tyres, however, it can still cause them to deteriorate faster. When driving in warm conditions, check your tyre pressure and adjust it as needed.

Can hot weather drain a car battery?

Yes, high temperatures can drain a car battery. Contrary to popular belief, car batteries can suffer almost as much in summer as they do in winter. Heat accelerates battery fluid evaporation, reducing battery life.

Aiming to replace your car battery every three years is a wise precaution, as issues often start creeping in once a battery hits the four or five-year mark. By staying ahead and checking your battery, you can avoid unexpected breakdowns and keep your vehicle running smoothly, especially before a long summer trip.

Is it safe to drive electric cars in hot weather?

Yes, it is safe to drive electric cars in hot weather. Electric vehicles (EVs) can handle extreme heat with surprising ease. EVs naturally maintain cooler operating temperatures compared to traditional petrol or diesel vehicles.

However, you still need to take necessary precautions when driving an electric vehicle in hot weather. Pre-cooling your vehicle and staying hydrated are just as critical for EVs as for traditional ones. 

What should I do if my car won’t start after being parked in the sun?

You should avoid parking your car under direct sunlight as it can cause long-term damage. Cars can sometimes struggle to start after being parked in the sun for a long time. This could be due to the battery overheating or fuel evaporation issues. Higher temperatures can also cause mechanical issues. 

If your car doesn’t start after being parked in the sun, open your windows to let the car cool down before trying again. If the problem persists, consider having your battery and fuel system checked. Always keep an eye out for slow engine starts and dim lights, as these are signs your battery may be dying.

How to check coolant levels for your driving test

During your practical driving test, you might be asked this as one of the ‘show me, tell me’ questions. This is your chance to prove to the examiner that you are prepared for the road and understand basic vehicle maintenance. 

Here’s how to answer this question:

1. If the engine is hot, wait for your engine to cool down
2. Safely open the bonnet and locate the engine coolant tank
3. Identify the coolant markings and point out the minimum and maximum, usually on the side. These markers show where the coolant should sit when the engine is cold, as the liquid expands when hot
4. Explain how you would top it up if the coolant level were below the minimum marker. Mention that you would wait until the engine is cold, safely unscrew the cap with a cloth, and carefully add the mixture of coolant and water

How to prepare for your summer road trip

In addition to regular maintenance, it’s essential to prepare for the unexpected. Plus, keeping your car cool during a heatwave is important for your comfort and safety. Here are some simple but effective tips:

1. Sunglasses: A good pair of sunglasses is essential to help avoid glare and strain on your eyes. You can use polarised sunglasses, but ensure they are suitable for driving as category four glasses are illegal when driving
2. Power bank: With navigation and music apps running, phone batteries can drain faster. A reliable power bank could be your lifeline in case of an emergency
3. Angle the vents: To better distribute airflow, angle the vents upwards to allow the air to spread around the car
4. Windscreen shade: A reflective windscreen is a great and affordable way to keep the heat away when your vehicle isn’t in use
5. First aid kit and water: Always carry plenty of water and a fully stocked first aid kit
6. Check oil, tyres, and coolant levels: Check tyre pressure and replace any that show signs of cracking or damage, check your coolant levels and top up your oil
7. Breaks: For longer trips, stop regularly to stretch your legs and cool off

If you are travelling with kids, bring plenty of car-friendly games and snacks to keep them entertained.

Before heading out on any summer road trip, give your car full maintenance, and don’t forget to pack plenty of water for you and your vehicle!

Is it safe to drive in 40-degree weather conditions?

Driving in 40-degree heat can be safe, but only if you take the right precautions. Extreme heat can lead to fatigue, dehydration, and vehicle issues, such as overheating. If you have to drive in 40-degree heat, you must carry plenty of water, take regular breaks to cool off (for both yourself and your car), and ensure your vehicle is well maintained and insured to handle these conditions.

While modern cars are designed to handle the heat, ensure that your vehicle is ready for high temperatures by checking fluids and monitoring your engine’s performance. 

Get car insurance with Adrian Flux

Whichever season you’re driving in, make sure you’ve got a car insurance policy in place to cover you. At Adrian Flux, we can cover learners, young drivers and more seasoned drivers alike. Plus, talk to our team about Flux Rescue, which can help you get back on the road after a breakdown.

The post Essential tips for driving in hot weather appeared first on Learner Driver Hub.

In this blog, we will explore what a contraflow system is, how it differs from with-flow traffic, and how to navigate it safely.

What is a contraflow system?

The term “contra” comes from Latin and means “against”. In the context of driving, it refers to traffic moving in the opposite direction to the normal flow. In other words, when part of a road is obstructed or completely blocked, contraflow systems are put in place to divert traffic. While this can slow down traffic due to speed limits being reduced, it ensures that vehicles continue to move.

Contraflow systems are mainly used to manage traffic during roadworks, accidents, and special events that require part of the road to be closed. Without these systems in place, maintenance or emergency work would bring traffic to a complete stop.

These changes in lane direction and traffic flow can be disorientating for learner drivers, as they disrupt the usual driving patterns. To safely navigate through these areas, it’s important to pay attention to signs and speed limits. 

Contraflow system signs

The Highways Agency produces signs for contraflow systems. These will only be provided in case of an immediate emergency, usually due to road obstructions or motorway accidents.

The most common contraflow sign used on motorways will have a yellow background with black lines directing drivers to the right lane and red blocks signalling where drivers can’t go. They may also have written instructions such as “STAY IN LANE”.

How is contraflow different from with-flow traffic?

With-flow traffic is the standard movement of vehicles in the same direction as the road’s original designated flow. For example, on a motorway, with-flow traffic means vehicles are driving in the normal direction on each side. 

On the other hand, contraflow systems temporarily redirect traffic to flow in the opposite direction to support traffic flow. This setup will help maintain the movement of cars and other vehicles through areas affected by major disruptions, such as roadworks or accidents. 

How to safely drive through a contraflow system

Here are some tips that can help you stay safe and confident:

1. Follow the contraflow system signs: contraflow systems are clearly marked with signs indicating lane changes, speed limits and directions
2. Watch for narrow lanes: lanes in a contraflow system can be narrower than usual, therefore be cautious of your surroundings and maintain a safe distance from other vehicles
3. Stick to speed limits: in a contraflow zone speed limits will be reduced to ensure the safety of both drivers and road workers. When approaching these lanes you should 

reduce your speed and avoid overtaking

4. Stay alert and don’t panic: during a contraflow system, traffic may be coming towards you on the other side of a temporary barrier. Stay alert and in your lane

Contraflow system on motorways

Motorways are one of the most common places where you will come across a contraflow system. They are typically temporary solutions used to minimise disruptions on motorways and dual carriageways. 

When one side of the motorway is closed, traffic is rerouted to the opposite side, so vehicles keep moving. 

Driving in a motorway contraflow will require extra caution. With narrower lanes and temporary barriers like cones separating you from oncoming traffic, you should always stay in your lane and keep a good distance from the vehicle ahead.

Contraflow bus lanes

Contraflow bus lanes are designated to help buses avoid congestion. In this case, the bus lane will go in the opposite direction to its surrounding lanes. These lanes will be marked with blue signs that feature a bus, often with arrows pointing the direction of the bus lane.

You will likely see a contraflow bus lane on a one-way street and these tend to be permanent, whilst on motorways they are usually temporary.

Contraflow cycle lanes

Contraflow cycle lanes are becoming increasingly common in cities and urban areas as part of efforts to improve road safety for cyclists. In the UK in cities where there is a well-developed cycling structure, you will usually find cycle lanes in use. These dedicated lanes offer cyclists the option to travel in a different direction, especially on one-way streets where vehicles are restricted to a single direction, but cyclists will be permitted to travel in both directions.

In fact, research based on over two decades of data suggests that cyclists using contraflow lanes face a reduced risk of accidents and crashes, compared to those on regular roads. 

Contraflow cycle lanes are usually marked with blue signs that indicate both the direction for vehicles and the designated lane for cyclists. Remain vigilant for potential hazards, especially when cyclists are involved. If you would like to improve your hazard perception skills, you can read our guide on how to pass the hazard perception test.

Contraflow systems and theory tests

When it comes to theory tests, contraflow systems will likely appear in questions addressing different scenarios.

Expect your theory test to cover the topics below:

• How to safely navigate a contraflow system
• Understanding contraflow systems signs
• Identifying common locations for contraflow bus and cycle lanes

Remember the more you understand contraflow systems, the more confident you will be when you come across them. 

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That’s why knowing how to perform an emergency stop is a very essential skill, as it can help save lives, prevent accidents, and keep your insurance premiums lower by reducing the likelihood that you’ll need to make a claim.

Therefore, we will teach you how to safely perform an emergency stop and how to remain in control at all times when driving. 

What is an emergency stop?

An emergency stop is a sudden and controlled stop that you make as a quick response to an unexpected hazard on the road. 

When braking normally, there is time to gradually reduce your speed. However, an emergency stop requires you to stop immediately whilst still maintaining control of your car and without skidding. 

It is important to be reminded that even after you learn and gain confidence on how to safely perform an emergency stop, it is always good practice to be aware of your surroundings at all times when driving. 

How to execute an emergency stop in a manual car

Follow these steps to perform an emergency stop in a manual car:

1. Grip the steering wheel: make sure you have both hands on the wheel
2. Brake: firmly press the brake pedal (don’t slam it, press firmly and smoothly)
3. If your car has an anti-lock braking system (ABS): press the clutch and brake at the same time 
4. If your car does not have ABS: press the brake first then press the clutch just before you stop. Try not to press the clutch too early as this can cause your car to coast
5. Apply the handbrake: once your car fully stops, immediately apply the handbrake to secure it
6. Check your mirrors: be aware of your surroundings

An anti-locking braking system is a mechanism used to prevent your car from skidding. ABS restores traction and prevents your wheels from locking when you brake. With the anti-locking braking system in place, you may feel a vibration on the brake pedal. 

If your car starts to skid during an emergency stop, do not panic, instead release the brake slightly to regain traction and steer into the skid to avoid losing control. 

How do I know if my car has ABS? 

ABS is now a standard feature in all cars. If your car was made in or after 2004, it’s likely that you have ABS as this was made compulsory in the UK. Pre-2004 cars will sometimes also have this installed.

If you are unsure whether your car has ABS, you can check by:

1. Reading your owner’s manual, usually under safety features
2. Turning on the ignition, your car should display an ABS light on your dashboard  during the system check

How to perform an emergency stop in an automatic car

If your car is automatic the steps are as follows:

1. Grip the steering wheel: even if your car is automatic you should ensure you have both hands on the steering wheel
2. Brake: firmly press the brake pedal 
3. Apply the handbrake: once your car fully stops, apply the handbrake
4. Put the car lever into park and prevent it from rolling or moving
5. Check your mirrors

Performing an emergency stop in challenging weather conditions

Driving in the rain or icy conditions can affect your stopping distance. Stopping distance is the time it takes to completely stop your vehicle, from the time you notice the hazard (thinking distance), to the time when the brakes are applied and the car fully stops.

The traction between your tyres and the roads decreases hugely when there is water, ice, or any substance on the road surface. For this reason, your braking distances are likely to double, requiring even more attention from the driver. 

In wet conditions, remember to remain calm and drive at an appropriate speed for the weather. Leave a larger gap between your vehicle and others, keeping both hands on the steering wheel at all times. 

If you will be driving frequently in cold, snowy, or rainy conditions it is probably best to invest in winter tyres. 

To perform an emergency stop in the rain, use the same processes explained above. However, this time you should allow for more space in between your vehicle and others. 

Remember to brake smoothly and gradually to test how the roads are.

Is the ‘emergency stop’ manoeuvre still in driving tests? 

Yes, you may be asked to perform an emergency stop during your driving test.

The manoeuvres you will perform on your driving test will be randomly chosen, which is why it is good to be prepared to perform a controlled stop at any point. There is a one in three chance that you will be asked to carry out an emergency stop during your driving test.

On the day of your driving test the examiner may use a verbal cue, such as saying “stop” or even raising their hand. They will also check the traffic behind and around you to ensure it is safe. The examiner may give you sufficient warning before asking you to perform an emergency stop.

Preparing and practising for an emergency stop for your driving test is important. However, there may be some real-life situations that will require you to do this too. You must be prepared in case any of these happen:

1. A child runs into the road
2. A dog or another animal runs into the road
3. A cyclist or a scooter unexpectedly appears in front of your car
4. The vehicle in front of you has to perform an emergency stop

If you are taking your driving test soon, consider reading our driving test tips to help you pass for the first time.

Can I fail my driving test for not performing an emergency stop correctly?

Yes, you could potentially fail your driving test if you lose control of your vehicle during an emergency stop. Yet, with proper practise you will be able to safely handle a controlled stop during your test. 

Keep practising your emergency stop 

Regularly practising an emergency stop with your driving instructor can help improve your reaction time and build confidence for your driving test as well as real-life emergencies. 

Be prepared for the unexpected when you are driving. 

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The next crucial step on your motoring journey is to get young driver car insurance, and whilst insurance might not be a topic you want to think about, it is a legal requirement. 

However, if you’re looking for a way to reduce your insurance premium, undertaking an advanced driving course is a great way to save money while also practising road skills you might not have covered during your lessons as a learner driver. Find out about the most common courses here. 

Why take an advanced driving course? 

Advanced driving courses are primarily designed to help people drive more safely and improve confidence on the road. They usually take at least six hours to complete and can be taken any time after you’ve passed your practical driving test. They’re often recommended to new drivers wanting to gain confidence on the road or reduce their insurance premium. 

Courses cover things like driving on motorways, all-weather driving and dealing with rush-hour traffic – all areas that can sometimes be overlooked when you’re taking lessons as a provisional licence holder. You’ll need to take a course with a driving instructor who has the appropriate qualification. Most of these extra qualifications cost between £100 and £200. 

The courses don’t usually include an exam at the end; once your instructor is happy that you’ve reached a satisfactory level in all of the modules, you’ll receive a certificate. 

Which advanced driving courses are available?

Pass Plus

Pass Plus is a practical driving course that takes around six hours to complete and is aimed at new drivers to improve their skills and increase their safety on the road. 

Drivers can undertake this exam at any time, but it is often most beneficial during the first year after you pass your driving test as it expands on the knowledge you have just acquired.   

You’ll need a Pass Plus-registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.

There is no formal test at the end of this course, but in order to get your certificate you will need to have reached the required standard set out in each of the modules.

A Pass Plus qualification will cost £150-200 for the entirety of the course.  

IAM RoadSmart

IAM RoadSmart is a long established road safety charity and is accredited by the DVSA. 

The charity offer a variety of training courses, but the two we’re focusing on are:

Advanced Driver Course

This course provides you with extra on-road knowledge and advanced driving skills and is designed to make you safer on the road. You will be paired with a ‘skilled advanced-driver observer’ who will give both written and verbal feedback across a series of drives. 

The goal is to develop your enhanced observational and planning skills. The course lasts for approximately six to 12 sessions and students will sit an exam at the end. 

Young Driver Assessment

The Young Driver Assessment course is aimed at drivers under the age of 26. This one hour session enhances the skills and knowledge you have gained whilst learning to drive.

Going out in your own car with a trainer, you’ll receive useful feedback and can choose to focus on skills you’d particularly like help with, like parking or motorway driving.

The course will cost you around £150 to begin with, and then a membership cost, depending on how you pay, will be £61-66 per year. You’ll be able to take as many rests as you need with a membership.  

RoSPA Advanced Drivers and Riders

The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA) is a UK charity that provides advanced driver training to improve road safety and help reduce accidents.

There are around 60 groups in the UK that offer free DVSA approved training courses, of which you can have as many sessions as you like. However, in order to take the test, you will need to pay a membership fee. 

The RoSPA test is based on the Highway Code. All examiners have a UK Police Advanced Driving qualification.

As a RoSPA member, you will be asked to retake the test every three years to maintain your advanced driving skills. The cost is included in your annual subscription fee.

The total cost of the entire RoSPA Advanced Drivers and Riders course is £550 plus VAT. 

Do advanced driving courses lower insurance premiums? 

They’re useful courses to go on as they improve your driving skills and confidence, and once you’ve completed one you might be able to qualify for a discount on your insurance. 

However, be aware that not all insurance companies offer advanced driving discounts, and the size of the discount will vary between companies.

Is an advanced driving course worth it?

There are several benefits to advanced driving courses, such as making you a safer and smoother driver on the roads, but they can also help to reduce your insurance premium.

This is because it shows to providers that as a more careful and thoughtful driver, you are at a lower risk of being involved in an incident. However, there are no guarantees that your car insurance will be reduced heavily enough to offset the cost of the course. 

That being said, if you’re struggling with specific aspects of learning to drive and you want to build up your experience in these areas, taking an advanced driving course is likely well worth the investment.

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